For many years abortion has been a controversial issue to whether abortion should be legal or illegal all over the world. Abortion is defined as termination or medical operation to end a pregnancy so that the baby is not born live (Longman dictionary). Without any anesthesia the baby is torn apart and vacuumed from the mother. This abortion becomes controversial at much like every aspect in human. Many people believe if the abortion is part of homicide. Rand Paul, MD, US Senator (KY-R) stated in his article title Sanncity of Life that abortion takes the life of an innocent human being. On other hand, the ability to safe and legal abortion has been critical for many women as they seek to define and live their lives with dignity (National Abortion Federation / NAF, 2014). Honoring women means honoring their choices, including the choice of wether and when to have childreen. So that, people believe that abortion is right way because it is an act of how people can honoring women and also it is already legal in some country such as Australia, Albania, Argentina, Belgium, Bosnia, Cambodia, Canada, Cuba, Denmark, Germany, North Korea, Netherlands, Norway, Singapore, Vietnam and many more. Here are some reason why abortion still controversial in all around the world.
Abortion is legal for some reasons. First, abortion is method of birth control. In fact, some of country have population problem. For instance, China; South Korea; and others. When a country faces the problems of population explosion, the governments should find methods to solve it. But, since no methods of contraception are one hundred percent effective and successful, abortion becomes the only way out prevention fails. Second, legalize abortion can reduce the risk of death resulting from abortion is many times less than a woman’s risk of death during pregnancy and childbirth (National Abortion Federation / NAF, 2014). Between 1880’s and 1973’s many thousands of women died or suffered serious medical problems after attempting to self-induce their abortions or going to untrained practitioners who performed abortions with primitive methods or in unsanitary conditions. During this time, hospital emergency room staff treated thousands of women who eaither died or were suffering terrible effects of abortions provided without adequate skill and care. At some maternal death cases around the world cause by botched abortion. This situation happens because at their relevant country, doing abortion is illegal. It makes people, especially women whether they are pregnant because of an accident before marriage or because of rape, do concealed abortion. For instance, Vanessa Alejandra Rivera de la Fuente as feminist moeslim writer and activist in 2012 stated that abortions in Argentina representing 30 percent of maternal death. In many cases, abortion complication and death are not reported to authorities. For every woman who seeks medical help due to complications, seven others in the same situation do not seek help.
Third, legal abortion is the right of women to decide on a pregnancy resulting from the commission of a crime, which is an improvement on women’s autonomy over her body. Women are capable os making intelligent and and conscientious decisions about their own lives and families. Women deserve the autonomy and dignity to act in accordence with their personal convictions, and to decide what is best for their own lives and families. National Abortion Federation / NAF in 2014 stated that women should be trusted and respected to exercise the choices about theirbodies and lives that are best for them, and not be forced by the government into personal reproductive decisions that are against their will. In short, (U.S. Supreme Court 1973) said that the women have a right to make decisions about their own bodies. Fourth, abortion is an effort of women to maintain the individual rights to make personal decision about reproduction. Abortion and reproductive freedom more broadly defined are important pieces of ensuring this common dream. To obtain a better future, each people must be free to make profoundly personal decision about reproductive lives without unwarranted government that respects the personal integrity of its people both interferes in these essentially private decision as a litle as possible and helps ensure that everyone has the opportunity to make these decision responsibility (Loise Mailing JD 2009). The governments must not be involved in personal healthcare decisions. Those who oppose contraception and abortion are free to make that choice for themselves and their families, but not for others.
Fifth, abortion is not homicide. Homicide is the killing of one person by another; murder (Oxford dictionary). But abortion can only be homicide if a fetus or embryo is known to be a person, and fetuses are not to be a person until the point of viability. The fetus is viable between 22—24 weeks of the pregnancy (Babymed 2001). Sixth, abortion is legal because women have the power to exercise that right regardless of government policy (Head Tom 2015). Since women believe that laws criminalizing the procedure generally apply to doctors, not to women, which means that even under state laws banning abortion as medical procedure, women would be free to terminate their pregnancies through other means—by taking drugs that terminate pregnancies but are intended for other purpose. In Nicaragua, where abortion is illegal, the ulcer drug misoprostol is often used for this purpose. It is inexpensive, easy to transport and conceal, and terminates the pregnancy in a manner that resembles a miscarriage—and it is one of literally hundreds of options available to women who would terminate pregnancies illegally. This option are so effective that, according to a 2007 study by the World Health Organization, abortions are just as likely to occur in countries where abortion is illegal as they are to occur in countries where abortion is not. Unfortunately, these options are also substantially more dangerous than medically-supervised abortions-resulting in an estimate 80,000 accidental death each years.
Although there are several reasons of which support abortion to be legal, but there are also severel reasons to against and believe that abortion should be illegal. First, abortions is Offends God. Abortion is never a mere personal choice but a grave offense against God and His creation. The anti-abortion struggle has always been a religious battle. This is because almost every religions teaching on abortion is clear and unequivocal: abortion is murder. There are no exceptions allowed, no compromises possible. Second, abortions is unsafe. Compared with other medical procedures, the abortion industry is largely unregulated. Although there are no exact statistics for the number of women who die from botched procedures, Life Dynamics.com in 2012 said if compiled a list of 347 women killed by legal abortions since 1973. Furthermore, the National Cancer Institute commissioned a study lead by Dr. Janet Daling, an abortion supporter, and her colleagues at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center which found a link between abortion and cancer stated that among women who had been pregnant at least once, the risk of breast cancer in those who had experienced an induced abortion was 50% higher than among other women. The Coalition on Abortion and Breast Cancer reported that 28 out of 37 worldwide studies have independently linked induced abortion with breast cancer. Thirteen out of fifteen studies conducted on American women report increased risk. Seventeen studies are statistically significant, sixteen of which found increased risk. Most of the studies have been conducted by abortion supporters.
Third, abortions may cause many negative effects for women’s health. Women risk their health and lives in bearing weight of the operations and its consequences. The most common complications are inflammation, interruption of menstrual patterns, infertility, endometriosis, myoma of the uterus, and many other kind of ovary illnesses. Fourth, mankind must protect life whenever possible. The first and foremost instinct of humans is preservation of life. This begins with self-preservation, and extends to all humanity through domestic bonds and realization of a like nature. Pregnancy termination stops the beating heart of a growing human being and is in direct contradiction to this most basic premise of human nature (JJ Thompson 1971). It forsakes natural law, and has left America as a country unable to repopulate itself without the aid of mass immigration.
For society as a whole, abortions still become a dilemma for countries. As well as for the children themselves, it is better if every child is wanted child. However, abortion is not best way of avoiding unwanted children, and improved sex education, easily available contraception, and better education and opportunities for young women, can help to reduce the number of abortions. But as long as abortion is needed as last resort, most humanist would agree that society should provide save legal facilities. On the other hand, abortion also brings terrible consequences, especially for woman health. After all, it is back to the society, whether the society choose to agree with legal abortion or against to the abortion option.
Refferences :
Longman dictionary
Oxford dictionary
http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2011/06/21/gender-selection-abortion-crisis-in-asia-india-u-s.html
Abortion and Embryo Destruction
"The Wrong of Abortion" by Robert P. George and Patrick Lee from Andrew I. Cohen and Christopher Wellman, eds., Contemporary Debates in Applied Ethics (New York: Blackwell Publishers, 2005)
"I Was Once a Fetus: an Identity-Based Argument Against Abortion" by Alexander Pruss
Pro-Life Feminism
"How Abortion Hurts Women: The Hard Proof" by Erika Bachiochi, JD
Religious Resources
"Abortion" by Rabbi David Novak
"Abortion in Halakhic Literature" by Rabbi David Bleich
"Abortion" Compiled by the Jewish Orthodox Feminist Alliance
http://www.princeton.edu/~prolife/academic.html
http://www.academia.edu/1237734/Abortion_and_Womens_Rights_in_the_USA
http://supremecourtreview.com/default/issue/index/id/11
Rand Paul, MD, US Senator(KY-R) stated in his article title Sancity of Life, posted on his official US Senate website (acces April 30 2015)
Abortion Policies:A Global Review. Acces at 14 April 2015. www.pregnantpause.org/lex/word02/htm. United Nation Department of Econimic and Social Affairs, Population Division.
Pregnancy viability what does it meas.Acces at 23 April 2015.www.babymed.com/prematurity/[regnancy-viability-what-does-it-mean.©2001—2015 Babymed.com
Head,tom. 2012. Legal Abortion.(Online). (www.civilliberty.about.com/od/abortion/abortion-legal.htm), it is searched February 04, 2015
Abortion is legal for some reasons. First, abortion is method of birth control. In fact, some of country have population problem. For instance, China; South Korea; and others. When a country faces the problems of population explosion, the governments should find methods to solve it. But, since no methods of contraception are one hundred percent effective and successful, abortion becomes the only way out prevention fails. Second, legalize abortion can reduce the risk of death resulting from abortion is many times less than a woman’s risk of death during pregnancy and childbirth (National Abortion Federation / NAF, 2014). Between 1880’s and 1973’s many thousands of women died or suffered serious medical problems after attempting to self-induce their abortions or going to untrained practitioners who performed abortions with primitive methods or in unsanitary conditions. During this time, hospital emergency room staff treated thousands of women who eaither died or were suffering terrible effects of abortions provided without adequate skill and care. At some maternal death cases around the world cause by botched abortion. This situation happens because at their relevant country, doing abortion is illegal. It makes people, especially women whether they are pregnant because of an accident before marriage or because of rape, do concealed abortion. For instance, Vanessa Alejandra Rivera de la Fuente as feminist moeslim writer and activist in 2012 stated that abortions in Argentina representing 30 percent of maternal death. In many cases, abortion complication and death are not reported to authorities. For every woman who seeks medical help due to complications, seven others in the same situation do not seek help.
Third, legal abortion is the right of women to decide on a pregnancy resulting from the commission of a crime, which is an improvement on women’s autonomy over her body. Women are capable os making intelligent and and conscientious decisions about their own lives and families. Women deserve the autonomy and dignity to act in accordence with their personal convictions, and to decide what is best for their own lives and families. National Abortion Federation / NAF in 2014 stated that women should be trusted and respected to exercise the choices about theirbodies and lives that are best for them, and not be forced by the government into personal reproductive decisions that are against their will. In short, (U.S. Supreme Court 1973) said that the women have a right to make decisions about their own bodies. Fourth, abortion is an effort of women to maintain the individual rights to make personal decision about reproduction. Abortion and reproductive freedom more broadly defined are important pieces of ensuring this common dream. To obtain a better future, each people must be free to make profoundly personal decision about reproductive lives without unwarranted government that respects the personal integrity of its people both interferes in these essentially private decision as a litle as possible and helps ensure that everyone has the opportunity to make these decision responsibility (Loise Mailing JD 2009). The governments must not be involved in personal healthcare decisions. Those who oppose contraception and abortion are free to make that choice for themselves and their families, but not for others.
Fifth, abortion is not homicide. Homicide is the killing of one person by another; murder (Oxford dictionary). But abortion can only be homicide if a fetus or embryo is known to be a person, and fetuses are not to be a person until the point of viability. The fetus is viable between 22—24 weeks of the pregnancy (Babymed 2001). Sixth, abortion is legal because women have the power to exercise that right regardless of government policy (Head Tom 2015). Since women believe that laws criminalizing the procedure generally apply to doctors, not to women, which means that even under state laws banning abortion as medical procedure, women would be free to terminate their pregnancies through other means—by taking drugs that terminate pregnancies but are intended for other purpose. In Nicaragua, where abortion is illegal, the ulcer drug misoprostol is often used for this purpose. It is inexpensive, easy to transport and conceal, and terminates the pregnancy in a manner that resembles a miscarriage—and it is one of literally hundreds of options available to women who would terminate pregnancies illegally. This option are so effective that, according to a 2007 study by the World Health Organization, abortions are just as likely to occur in countries where abortion is illegal as they are to occur in countries where abortion is not. Unfortunately, these options are also substantially more dangerous than medically-supervised abortions-resulting in an estimate 80,000 accidental death each years.
Although there are several reasons of which support abortion to be legal, but there are also severel reasons to against and believe that abortion should be illegal. First, abortions is Offends God. Abortion is never a mere personal choice but a grave offense against God and His creation. The anti-abortion struggle has always been a religious battle. This is because almost every religions teaching on abortion is clear and unequivocal: abortion is murder. There are no exceptions allowed, no compromises possible. Second, abortions is unsafe. Compared with other medical procedures, the abortion industry is largely unregulated. Although there are no exact statistics for the number of women who die from botched procedures, Life Dynamics.com in 2012 said if compiled a list of 347 women killed by legal abortions since 1973. Furthermore, the National Cancer Institute commissioned a study lead by Dr. Janet Daling, an abortion supporter, and her colleagues at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center which found a link between abortion and cancer stated that among women who had been pregnant at least once, the risk of breast cancer in those who had experienced an induced abortion was 50% higher than among other women. The Coalition on Abortion and Breast Cancer reported that 28 out of 37 worldwide studies have independently linked induced abortion with breast cancer. Thirteen out of fifteen studies conducted on American women report increased risk. Seventeen studies are statistically significant, sixteen of which found increased risk. Most of the studies have been conducted by abortion supporters.
Third, abortions may cause many negative effects for women’s health. Women risk their health and lives in bearing weight of the operations and its consequences. The most common complications are inflammation, interruption of menstrual patterns, infertility, endometriosis, myoma of the uterus, and many other kind of ovary illnesses. Fourth, mankind must protect life whenever possible. The first and foremost instinct of humans is preservation of life. This begins with self-preservation, and extends to all humanity through domestic bonds and realization of a like nature. Pregnancy termination stops the beating heart of a growing human being and is in direct contradiction to this most basic premise of human nature (JJ Thompson 1971). It forsakes natural law, and has left America as a country unable to repopulate itself without the aid of mass immigration.
For society as a whole, abortions still become a dilemma for countries. As well as for the children themselves, it is better if every child is wanted child. However, abortion is not best way of avoiding unwanted children, and improved sex education, easily available contraception, and better education and opportunities for young women, can help to reduce the number of abortions. But as long as abortion is needed as last resort, most humanist would agree that society should provide save legal facilities. On the other hand, abortion also brings terrible consequences, especially for woman health. After all, it is back to the society, whether the society choose to agree with legal abortion or against to the abortion option.
Refferences :
Longman dictionary
Oxford dictionary
http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2011/06/21/gender-selection-abortion-crisis-in-asia-india-u-s.html
Abortion and Embryo Destruction
"The Wrong of Abortion" by Robert P. George and Patrick Lee from Andrew I. Cohen and Christopher Wellman, eds., Contemporary Debates in Applied Ethics (New York: Blackwell Publishers, 2005)
"I Was Once a Fetus: an Identity-Based Argument Against Abortion" by Alexander Pruss
Pro-Life Feminism
"How Abortion Hurts Women: The Hard Proof" by Erika Bachiochi, JD
Religious Resources
"Abortion" by Rabbi David Novak
"Abortion in Halakhic Literature" by Rabbi David Bleich
"Abortion" Compiled by the Jewish Orthodox Feminist Alliance
http://www.princeton.edu/~prolife/academic.html
http://www.academia.edu/1237734/Abortion_and_Womens_Rights_in_the_USA
http://supremecourtreview.com/default/issue/index/id/11
Rand Paul, MD, US Senator(KY-R) stated in his article title Sancity of Life, posted on his official US Senate website (acces April 30 2015)
Abortion Policies:A Global Review. Acces at 14 April 2015. www.pregnantpause.org/lex/word02/htm. United Nation Department of Econimic and Social Affairs, Population Division.
Pregnancy viability what does it meas.Acces at 23 April 2015.www.babymed.com/prematurity/[regnancy-viability-what-does-it-mean.©2001—2015 Babymed.com
Head,tom. 2012. Legal Abortion.(Online). (www.civilliberty.about.com/od/abortion/abortion-legal.htm), it is searched February 04, 2015
A Humanist Discussion On Abortion.Acces at 14 April 2015.www.humanism.org.uk
Azalia Illahi Hidayat Putri
130221612280
130221612280
Final project: academic discussion
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